4.9- Bell-ringer and Participle Notes

Bell-ringer: Write the following sentences and define the underlined words using context clues and prior knowledge.

1.      Charlie narrated the tale of how his kidney was stolen.

2.      The nefarious villain stole all of the candy from children and kicked puppies.

3.      Even though she had caused the accident, Natalie negated being the culprit.

4.      The topic of soda was not negotiable with Mom; she would never let us have it!

5.      Though he had worked all day, Tyler was given nil for his efforts.

•A participle is a verbal that is used as an adjective.

•Since they function as adjectives, participles modify nouns or pronouns.

•There are two types of participles: present participles and past participles. Present participles end in -ing. Past participles end in -ed, -en, -d, -t, or -n, as in the words asked, eaten, saved, dealt, and seen.

•A participial phrase is a group of words that consists of the participle and any modifiers, objects, or complements.

•In order to prevent confusion, a participial phrase must be placed as close to the noun it modifies as possible, and the noun must be clearly stated.

•A participle is a verbal ending in -ing (present) or -ed, -en, -d, -t, or -n (past) that functions as an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun.

•A participial phrase consists of a participle plus modifier(s), object(s), and/or complement(s).

•Participles and participial phrases must be placed as close to the nouns or pronouns they modify as possible, and those nouns or pronouns must be clearly stated.

•A participial phrase is set off with commas when it:

•a) comes at the beginning of a sentence

•b) interrupts a sentence as a nonessential element

•c) comes at the end of a sentence and is separated from the word it modifies.